This list is presented as a resource for sites relating to architecture. In some cases the origin of the building stone is discussed. This is just a representative sample of web sites as there are many more valuable sites worth visiting that are not listed here. Peggy B. Perazzo
- 15 Magnificent Structures Built From Stone: From Gaudí’s famous Casa Milà to a Swiss museum excavated into the side of a mountain, these structures demonstrate the natural material’s dynamic beauty,” By Katherine McGrath, September 16, 2019, Architectural Digest.
- “An Architect’s Guide To: Stone Cladding,” Architizer Editors, Hightower Studio.
- “Ancestral Pueblo Architecture” (New Mexico, USA), New Mexico Museum of Art.
- Ancient Stone Architecture Images on Google Images.
- “The Arch in Architecture and History,” Max Distro LLC, April 2, 2013. (The original link is no longer available, although the site can be viewed on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
- “Ancient America: Stone Architecture,” Native American Netroots.
- “Architect” section of Wikipedia.
- “Architectural Cornerstones: The Meaning, History, and Intent,” June 3, 2019, NewStudio Architecture.
- Architecture on The Links Library.
- Architecture Glossary – “A Traditional Architecture Glossary v2.0” (an expanding glossary), presented by Patrick Webb. According to his blog, Patrick Webb “is a traditional and ornamental plasterer currently instructing as a Professor of Plaster Working at the American College of the Building Arts in Charleston, South Carolina.” Patrick Webb’s profile and blogs are available at the link below.
- A Digital Archive of American Architecture, by Professor Jeffery Howe, Boston College.
- Chronology
- Location
- Building Types – From Saltbox to Skyscraper: Architecture in America
- Style
- Architectural Websites
- Architecture on Wikipedia.
- Architecture Articles – Architecture at About.com – Alphabetical Directory of Pages.
- Architecture as Dynamic System, presented by Alex Brown
(Excerpt from the web site) “The paper proposes a theory and model of systematic evolutionary change in architecture based on a definition of architecture as a dynamic and self-regulating complex system. Stylistic change and development are explained as a cumulative result of the selective forces which arise in the normal processes of communication and exchange between architecture’s many practitioners. The paper offers a radical interpretation of architectural history centred around the emergence, development and transformation of the key unit of architectural reproduction: the Style…”
- Architecture – House Types, by Jackie Craven.
- Architecture on The Links Library.
- Architecture on Wikipedia.
- Architecture Museums and Exhibits
- Architecture Museums and Travel, by Jackie Craven.
- Architecture Organizations: “List of professional architecture organizations” (worldwide), section of Wikipedia.
- Architectural Styles and Stone Use from The Guide To Stones Used for Houses of Worship in Northeastern Ohio, presented by Joseph T. Hannibal, Curator of Invertebrate Paleontology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.
- Architecture Terms & Definitions, on Wentworth.
- “Architecture Timeline – Western Influences on Building Design: The Evolution of Classical Style Architecture,” on ThoughtCo.
- Archecture Trade Cataglogs – Guide to Architectural Trade Catalogs (pdf), from Avery Library, Columbia University edited by Norman A. Ross, introduction by Frank Matero, UPA Academic Editions, Frederick, Maryland.
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- Archeology and Architecture, presented by Menne C. Kosian. This web site covers “all kinds of archaeological information for European archaeology, especially the Mediterrenean.”
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, presented by the J. Paul Getty Trust.
- “Building Stone in Architecture,” November 12, 2013, Bleck & Bleck Architects, LLC.
- Building with Scottish Stone, published by Aracamedia, Edinburgh, Scotland.
- Buildings and Building Stone, A Web Gallery of Stone Buildings and Their Building Stone, presented by Bruce Railsback, Professor, Department of Geology, University of Georgia. (The original web site is no longer available, although it can be viewed on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
- Built in America – Historic American Building Survey – Historic American Engineering Record, 1933 to Present, Prints and Photographs Division, American Memory, Library of Congress.
- “Carved in Stone: What Architecture Can Tell Us about the Sectarian History of Islam,” by Stephennie MulderNot Even Past.
- “Cathedrals Old and New” – the construction of the Cathedral of St. John the Devine on Morningside Heights, New York City ca. 1925. (from Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 10, October 1925, pp. 602)
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“Cathedrals Old and New” – article about the construction of the Cathedral of St. John the Devine on Morningside Heights, New York City ca. 1925, from Stone magazine. |
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- “The Chimney in Architecture,” in Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 9, September 1925, pp. 550.
(The article begins: “A brochure, Architecture and Anthracite, just published by the Anthracite Coal interest should be of interests to architects for its illustration of the relation that should exist between good architecture and good heating facilities – the chimney being the outward and architectural feature that often times….”
- “The Chimney in Architecture,” in Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 9, September 1925, pp. 550.
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- “Chinese Architecture,” on China Highlights.
- The Cities/Buildings Database
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Family History Centers worldwide
- “The classical orders” (video), on Khan Academy. (“The three major classical orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian….”
- “Construction History Society” section of Wikipedia.
- Digital Imaging Project – Art Historical Images of Sculpture and Architecture from pre-historic to post-modern, by Mary Ann Sullivan, Professor of English and Art History, Bluffton College, Bluffton, Ohio.
- Digital Library for the Decorative Arts and Material Culture: Image and Text Collections, presented by the University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
- “Dimension Stone,” presented by the U. S. Geological Survey in the “Mineral Information” section of the web site:
(Description of “Dimension Stone” from the web site) “Dimension stone can be defined as natural rock material quarried for the purpose of obtaining blocks or slabs that meet specifications as to size (width, length, and thickness) and shape. Color, grain texture and pattern, and surface finish of the stone are normal requirements. Durability (essentially based on mineral composition and hardness and past performance), strength, and the ability of the stone to take a polish are other important selection criteria.”
- Dimension Stone Publications (1996-2010)
- Mineral Commodity Summaries
- Minerals Yearbooks
- Archive (1932-1993)
- Historical Statistics & Mineral Commodities in the United States – Dimension Stone
- Dimension Stone Publications (1996-2010)
- Egypt: “The Stones of Ancient Egypt: How Geology Shaped Architecture,” by Nigel Fletcher-Jones, 12 May 2016, Egypt Today.
- Elements of Architecture, 1983, Volume I
- Elements of Architecture, Part II, 1984 Volume I
- Emporis Buildings – International Database about Buildings (Database of tall buildings. Includes sections on “Buildings” and “Image Database About Architecture”)
- Europe: “Megalithic Routes: Pathways to Europe’s earliest stone architecture,” Megalithic Routes. (The original link is no longer available, although the site can be viewed on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
- Famous Structures and Buildings Throughout the World
- Finding Architectural Documentation Online: Selected Listings of Research Guides, Archival Resources, and Scholarly Articles & Dissertations
- “Fossils in Architecture,” March 26, 2014, National Building Museum.
- “From Stone Carvings to CAD: How Architecture Drawing Has Evolved Over the Years,” on Arch20.
- Geologic Sources of Historic Stone Architecture in Iowa, by Brian J. Witzke, Iowa Department of Natural Resources site.
- Glossary of architecture, Wikipedia.
- The Gothic Field Guide (architectural terms), presented by The New York Carver.
- Granite Architecture ( February 1892). The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 24, Issue 2, page 39, February 1892. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- Great Buildings and Structures, by Jackie Craven.
- Bridges – Facts and Photos and Statistics for Great Bridges
- Find Architecture by Designer
- Find Castles – Castles Around the World
- Find Skyscrapers – Skyscrapers and the World’s Tallest Building
- Great Buildings and Structures (Jackie Craven states that the list of links in this section are a “starting place for exploring famous architecture around the world, with links to facts and photos for great buildings, towers, bridges, and other structures.”)
- Periods and Styles
- Greece: “Classical Greek culture,” on Khan Academy.
- Greece: “Greek architectural orders,” on Khan Academy.
- Greece: “A beginner’s guide to ancient Greece,” on Khan Academy.
- Greece: “The classical orders” (video), on Khan Academy. (“The three major classical orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian….”)
- Greece: “Introduction to Greek architecture,” on Khan Academy.
- “High Victorian Gothic Style 1860 – 1890,” Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Pennsylvania Architectural Field Guilde.
- Historic American Building Survey (HALS), presented by the National Park Service.
- Historic Asylums – America’s Vanishing Historic Asylums, State Hospitals, Sanitariums, County Homes, Medical Hospitals, and Other Institutions.
- Historic Styles on Wentworth:
- American Bungalow Style (1905-1930)
- Art Deco Style Architecture (1925-1940)
- Colonial Revival Style (1880-1955)
- Federal / Adam Style (1780-1840)
- Georgian Style (1700-1830)
- Historic Styles / Greek Revival 1825-1860
- Italianate Style (1840-1885)
- Queen Anne Style Architecture (1880-1910)
- Richardsonian Romanesque Style (1880 – 1900)
- Second Empire/Mansard Style (1855-1885)
- Shingle Style (1880-1900)
- Stick Style (1860-1890)
- Tudor Style (1890-1940)
- Mid-Century Modern Style (1935 – 1975)
- “History of architectural engineering” section of Wikipedia.
- “History of Architecture,” on History World.
- “History of Architecture (3,000 BCE – present): Evolution of Building Design,” Architecture History The Development of Building Designs: Famous Architects. (Contents • Architecture and Art • Egyptian • Sumerian • Early Irish • Minoan • Greek • Roman • Byzantine • Romanesque • Gothic • Renaissance • Baroque • Rococo • Neoclassical • 19th Century Architecture • Frank Lloyd Wright • American Skyscrapers & • 20th Century Architecture.)
- “History of architecture” section of Wikipedia.
- “The History of Bricks and Brickmaking,” on Brick Architecture.
- “A History of British Architecture,” by Adrian Tinniswood, last updated 2011-03-29, BBC.
- “The History of Concrete,” by Nick Gromicko, CMI® and Kenton Shepard, international Association of Certified Home Inspectors.
- “History of construction” section of Wikipedia.
- “The History of European Marble Sculpture and Architecture,” Impression, Limestone Learning Center.
- “History of Foundation Stones,” Architecture, Art, Designs.
- “History of stone applied to architecture: technology and evolution,” on Stonesize.
- How Stone is Used in Architecture, July 3, 2019, Bill Whittaker, Registered Architect.
- Illustrated Architecture Dictionary, Buffalo as an Architectural Museum.
- The Indiana Historic Architecture Home Page
- Ireland: Irish Architectural Archive
- Ireland: “Irish Architecture and History,” Irish Homes and Gardens.
- “Is this How Ancient Megalithic Structures Were Made? MIT Scientist Move 25-Ton Blocks by Hand!” by Ashley Cowie, 19 April 2019, Ancient Origins.
- Israel: “‘Ancient Merits of Stone’: Age-Old Architecture of Israel Still Solid as a Rock,” by Dan Fisher, June 13, 1985, Los Angeles Times.
- Lessons in Stone – Harvard’s Building Blocks Teach Natural and Cultural History (Harvard Magazine). Text by David B. Williams and color photographs by Jim Harrison. (The link to this article is no longer available, although you can view in on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
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- Library of Congress
- Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER) Collections– Measured drawings, photographs, and data sheets documenting works of American architecture and engineering – Special Collections in the Library of Congress.
- Prints and Photographs Division – Prints and Photographs Reading Room.
- Courthouses Recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) and the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) (Prints and Photographs Division.
- Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER) Collections– Measured drawings, photographs, and data sheets documenting works of American architecture and engineering – Special Collections in the Library of Congress.
- Machu Picchu: “Machu Picchu architecture explained. Everything you need to know about the buildings of Machu Picchu and the ancient Inca architecture,” by Norman, June 19, 2017.
- “The making of art-stone, architectural stone masonry,” (or reconstituted masonry or stone),YouTube video by Vitruvian Architectural 198 subscribers, August 13, 2012.
- Malta: “The Architecture of Malta,” Maltese History & Heritage,” Maltese History & Heritage.
- “Masonry and Our Architecture,” in Stone, An Illustrated Magazine, July 1917.
“One of the Italian commissioners now on a war mission to this country, Signor Arlotta, made a plea before the Merchants’ Association of New York that this country aid the allies in the most needed way by building ships. Signor Arlotta suggested that if we could ‘not furnish iron for both ships and for skyscrapers, we should for a time at lease cease to build skyscrapers.
“This has formed the text for an extremely interesting letter to the public press by Mr. Cass Gilbert, the eminent American Architect….” (The entire text of this article is available at the link above. Peggy B. Perazzo)
- Library of Congress
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- Mindful Walker, presented by Susan DeMark.
(from the web site) “MindfulWalker.com explores the personal experience of architecture, street life, history, and nature while walking or riding – it’s the living experience, with plenty of facts tucked in. It also examines changes in our cities, towns, and the environment, and issues relating to historic preservation, smart growth, and the life of communities.”
- Monumental Magazines including The Monumental News Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly Monumental Art Journal, Chicago, Illinois. (According to the section “Monumental News-Review Records,” presented on the Aldrich Public Library Guide in their “Guide to the Manuscript Holdings” section: “Monumental News-Review, a trade magazine for the monument industry, was founded in 1889 as Monumental News. In 1939, the magazine bought Granite, Marble, and Bronze and soon after, Monument and Cemetery Review. In 1961 the magazine changed publishers and became the ‘official’ magazine for the American Monument Association. The magazine is today published under the name Stone in America.”) (These links on the Aldrich Public Library web site are no longer available.)
Issues of The Monumental News magazine (starting from the 1892 issues) and other monumental magazines are available on this Stone Quarries and Beyond web site in the “Advertising from Cemetery Stones, Monuments, & Accessories from Monumental Magazines” section.
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- The National Building Museum, Washington, D. C.
- “New Marble Symbol of Truth in Architecture,” from Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 10, October 1925, pp. 601-602 – available at the two links/images below. (The article about the Tompkins-Kiel Marble Company of Long Island City, New York, that is mentioned in this article is available on Stone Quarries and Beyond at at: “New Clearing for Marble of the World.”from “Stone,” October 1925, pp. 612-614.)
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“New Marble Symbol of Truth in Architecture.” From Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 10, October 1925, pp. 601 | “New Marble Symbol of Truth in Architecture.” From Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 10, October 1925, pp. 602 |
- Ohio (Gambier) – Kenyon College – The Kenyon Campus at 175: How It Grew.
- Ohio (Northeastern) – Guide to Stones Used for Houses of Worship in Northeastern Ohio, presented by The Urban Center’s Sacred Landmark Series.
- “Outline of Architecture” section of Wikipedia.
- “Pennsylvania German Traditional 1700 – 1870,” Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Pennsylvania Architectural Field Guide.
- Persia: “Construction Materials and Techniques in Persian architecture,” Encyclopædia Iranica.
- Petra: “The History and Architecture of Petra,” Ian Reynolds, Johnson County Community College, ireynold@stumail.jccc.edu, Johnson County Community College, Overland Park, Kansas, Spring 2012, published by ScholarSpace, JCCC Honors Journal, Vol. 3 [2012], Iss. 2, Art. 3. 2012.
- “Prehistory: Architecture: The structures that survive from prehistory might not be what we’d normally think of as architecture. But these buildings still inspire awe today, whether through the mysteries of their meaning, the intricacy or scale of their design, or the ingenuity of their construction.”
- Philadelphia Architects & Buildings Project (PAB) web site. You can search the database for buildings, structures, and architects either as a visitor or you can register free. You cannot search for specific cities, but you can search for county locations. There are no photographs presented, but the location and/or address and the name of the architect are included if known; and the historic registration information is also included.
- Preservation Coalition of Buffalo, New York
- Buffalo as an Architectural Museum, Buffalo, New York
- Illustrated Architecture Dictionary
- The Properties of Marble and Its Uses, on Geology.com.https://geology.com/rocks/uses-of-marble/
- “Reaching for the Sky,” by Charles Moffat, December 2007, Ancient Architecture: The Art History Archive – Architecture.http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/architecture/Ancient-Architecture.html
- “Religious Architecture From The Stone Age History Essay,” (UKEssays. (November 2018). Religious Architecture From The Stone Age History Essay.
- Researching an Architectural Structure, presented by The New York Public Library, Center for the Humanities.
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- Romanesque Carving Details (images of), in The Monumental News, Vol. 7, No. 7, July 1895, pp. 443.
- “Roman architecture,” on Khan Academy.
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- “Scale Models and Architectural Salesmanship,” in Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 9, September 1925, pp. 539-540.
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“Scale Models and Architectural Salesmanship,” in Stone, September 1925, pp. 539. | “Scale Models and Architectural Salesmanship,” in Stone, September 1925, pp. 540. |
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- The Society of Architectural Historians, Chicago, Illinois.
- “Stereotomy: modern stone architecture and its historical legacy,” by Giuseppe Fallacara andMarco Stigliano, 2012.
- Stone – “Selecting Stone for Monumental Buildings” in 1925, Stone, Vol. XLVI, No. 7, July 1925, pp. 411-412.
- “Stone in Architecture – Looking at The Eighteenth Century,” by Cynthia Madison, 18th Century History.
- “The stone materials in the historical architecture of the ancient center of Sassari: distribution and state of conservation,” by Luisa Cartaa Domenico, Calcaterrab Piergiulio, et al., Journal of Cultural Heritage Volume 6, Issue 3, July–September 2005, Pages 277-286.
- “Stone Techniques,” Britannica.https://www.britannica.com/topic/architecture/Techniques
- Stories in Stone Blog, by David B. Williams
(from the web site) “I am a freelance writer based in Seattle. For the past decade, I have been writing about wildness in the urban landscape and how you don’t need to travel far to find interesting natural history stories. They are all around if you take the time to look. This blog will focus primarily on the stories that connect geology and people with a special emphasis on how people use stone as a building material.”
- “The Technology Before the Wheel: A Brief History of Dry Stone Construction,” article by Tom Dobbins, ArchDaily.
- The Ten Books on Architecture, translated by Morris Hicky Morgan, Ph.D., LL.D., Late Professor of Classical Philology in Harvard University, Harvard University Press, London: Humphrey Milford Oxford University Press, 1914. (Available on Project Gutenberg)
- “Timeline of architectural styles” section of Wikipedia.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_architectural_styles
- “Timeline of architecture” section of Wikipedia.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_architecture
- Treatise on Architecture Including the Arts of Construction, Building, Stone-Masonry, Arch, Carpentry, Roof, Joinery, and Strength of Materials, by Arthur Ashpitel, Esq., and William Hoskingby, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1867, 311 pages.
- A Web Gallery of Stone Buildings and Their Building Stone, presented by Bruce Railsback, Professor, Department of Geology, University of Georgia. (The original web site is no longer available, although it can be viewed on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
- TOURS
- Canada – Calgary, Canada – A Virtual Tour of Historic Calgary, presented by the Calgary Public Library.
- Canada – Hamilton, Canada – The Heart of The City – A Virtual Tour of Downtown Hamilton, presented by the Hamilton Public Library. Photographs of Hamilton buildings might be available in Hamilton Public Library’s Local History & Archives Department PreVIEW database, which contains over 11,000 images.)
- Canada – Victoria, British Columbia, Canada – Dimension Stone in Victoria, British Columbia, a city guide and walking tour, by Z. D. Hora and L. B. Miller.
- Colorado – Colorado Springs, Colorado – Historical and Architectural Survey of Downtown Colorado Springs, 2003-04 – Survey Report, May 2004 (Revised)
- Colorado – Denver, Colorado –Geology Tour of Denver’s Buildings and Monuments, by Jack A. Murphy, publisher: Denver, Colorado, Historic Denver in cooperation with Denver Museum of Natural History, c1995, ISBN:0914248065. (Book)
- Illinois – Chicago, Illinois – Geology Along Michigan Avenue presented by Ellin Beltz (photographs). To view this, click here to go to Ms. Beltz’ site and choose, “1902 Chicago Folio.”
- Ireland – Dublin, Ireland – The Building Stones of Dublin: A Walking Guide, by Patrick Wyse, Jackson, photography by Declan Burke, publisher: Dublin, Ireland, Town House and Country House, 1993, ISBN:0946172323.
- Los Angeles, USA – the Getty Center: “Architecture” of the Getty Center.
- London – The Gloucester Wall Game: London, by Eric Robinson, no date, London Geologists’ Association.
- Maryland – Baltimore, Maryland – A Geologic Walking Tour of Building Stones of Downtown Baltimore, Maryland, by Sherry McCann-Murray, presented by the Maryland Geological Survey. This site includes contributions and photography by the Environmental Geology and Mineral Resources Program of the Maryland Geological Survey. (Adapted for the Internet from Educational Series No. 10.)
- Massachusetts – Boston, Massachusetts – “Boston Rocks: A History of the Earth in 13 Landmarks,”article by David B. Williams, Graphics by Javier Zarracina (in PDF format). This article was published on the May 3, 2009 , in the Boston Globe. David Williams has a new book, Stories in Stone, that will be published in June 2009 by Walker and Company. (The following buildings are discussed in the above article (which includes photos of the buildings and the stones): 100 Cambridge Street, Government Center; Trinity Church, Copley Square; “New” Old South Church, Copley Square; Morse Auditorium, Boston University; Massachusetts General Hospital; Townhouses, Beacon Hill; Cathedral Church of St. Paul, downtown Massachusetts; Boston Public Library, Copley Square; Memorial Hall & Hauser Hall, Harvard University; King’s Chapel, downtown Massachusetts; Algonquin Club, Back Bay; and the Keystone Building, Financial District.)
- Minnesota – St. Paul, Minnesota – St. Paul Geology Walking Tour, Geological Society of Minnesota (booklet)
- New York – Buffalo, New York –Buffalo as an Architectural Museum, by Chuck LaChiusa.
- North Carolina: “Duke’s Architecture” (Duke University).
- Ohio – Cincinnati, Ohio – Guide to the Building Stones of Downtown Cincinnati; A Walking Tour, by J. T. Hannibal and R. A. Davis, 1992, Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook 7.
- Ohio – Cleveland, Ohio –Guide to the Building Stones of Downtown Cleveland: A Walking Tour, Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook, by J. T. Hannibal and M. T. Schmidt, 1992; reprinted 1997 with additional notes.
- Ohio – Columbus, Ohio – Building Stones in the Vicinity of Capitol Square, Columbus, Ohio, A Walking Tour in Celebration of Earth Week October 10, 2000, Tour Leaders: Garry D. McKenzie and Dale M. Gnidovec, Sponsors: the American Institute of Professional Geologists, the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, and the Ohio State University, 3 pp.
- Ohio – Columbus, Ohio – Guide to the Building Stones of Downtown Columbus: A Walking Tour, by R. W. Melvin and G. D. McKenzie, 1992, Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook 6, reprinted with additional notes.
- Ohio – Dayton, Ohio – Geologic Glimpses from Around the World – The Geology of Monuments in Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum, Dayton, Ohio: A Self-Guided Tour, by M. R. Sandy, 1992, Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook 8.
- Ohio – Northeastern Ohio – Guide to Stones Used for Houses of Worship in Northeastern Ohio, by Joseph T. Hannibal, Curator of Invertebrate Paleontology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. The Urban Center’s Sacred Landmark Series.
- Utah – Salt Lake City, Utah – Building Stones of Downtown Salt Lake City, presented by the Utah Geological Society, Public Information Series #60.
- “Vernacular architecture” section of Wikipedia. “Vernacular architecture is architecture characterised by the use of local materials and knowledge, usually without the supervision of professional architects. Vernacular architecture represents the majority of buildings and settlements created in pre-industrial societies and includes a very wide range of buildings, building traditions, and methods of construction…..”
- Washington, D. C. – Building Stones of Washington Walking Tour, presented by the United States Geological Survey.
- Washington, D. C. – Descriptions and Origins of Selected Principal Building Stones of Washington, United States Geological Survey.
- Washington, D.C. – National Mall and Memorials Washington DC – Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park. This article discusses the history and geology of the large stone monuments and memorials in the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
“Welcome to the National Mall, a National Park in Washington, DC where large stone monuments and memorials honor important historical people and events. The National Mall is a good place to visit if you want to learn about American history and be a historian. Because of all the different stones used in the construction of the memorials, it is also a good place to visit if you want to learn about rocks and be a geologist.
“Historians and Geologists actually have many similarities. They both look at past events to better understand the present, and guess what will happen in the future. They both use tools to help them in their research. They both make timelines to keep track of events. The biggest difference is that Historians study the events of humans while Geologists study the events of the earth….”
- Washington State – Seattle, Washington – Downtown Rock Hound: A Seattle Geology Tour, by David B. Williams (in PDF format). (David B. Williams: Stories in Stone Blog)
- Washington State – Spokane, Washington – Cornerstones of Spokane: A guidebook to the building stones of downtown Spokane (PDF). Text and map are from: G. E. McKelvey; Bonnie B. Bunning; F. William Burnet; Mike Hamilton; and Byron Swanson, 1981, Northwest, Mining Association.
- Wisconsin – Milwaukee, Wisconsin – Virtual Tour of Downtown Milwaukee’s Geology and Architecture: The Buildings and Building Stones of Downtown Milwaukee, presented by Tim Grundl, Associate Professor, Geosciences Department, Nancy Hubbard, Associate Professor, Architecture and Urban Planning, Bill Kean, Professor, Geosciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
- “A Traditional Architecture Glossary v2.0” (an expanding glossary), presented by Patrick Webb. According to his blog, Patrick Webb “is a traditional and ornamental plasterer currently instructing as a Professor of Plaster Working at the American College of the Building Arts in Charleston, South Carolina.”